Case 2 review : The relationship that exists between open and close on day 1 is not a significant indication for the next day's relationship.
Case III:
Objective: To determine if gap up or gap down affects next day's closing price movement in the same direction.
Data used:
Dow Jones Industrial Average from 1970 - Daily data. Total bars = 8,241 bars of data.
Condition: (Borrowed from kkeal)
The conditions are
1) Gap Up
If yesterday's low > day before yesterday's high then if today's close > yesterday's close, plot 1 else plot 0
2) Gap Down
If yesterday's high < day before yesterday's low then if today's close < yesterday's close, plot 1 else plot 0
The sum of the above is added and divided by the total gaps that have occured within the sample space.
Probable inferences:
a: If the probability is significantly higher than 50%, then,today's gap can be used as a tool for tomorrow's price in the same direction in which the gap has occured.
b: If the probability is significantly lower than 50%, then, today's gap can be used as a tool for tomorrow's price in the opposite direction in which the gap occured today.
c: If the calculated probability is neither significantly higher than 50% or significantly lower than 50%, indifference exists.
I use 50% mark here because that is the probability through coin toss.
Inference:
From 1970-2002, there occured a total of 112 gaps, out of which 51 were gap ups and 61 were gap downs.
For Gap Ups: 60.7843% of the times, the closing price had moved up from the closing level during the day in which the bar has occured.The remaining 39.2157% of the time, the closing price had moved down.
For Gap Downs: 57.3770% of the times, the closing price had moved down from the level in which the gap has occured. .The remaining 42.6230% of the time, the closing price had moved up
Overall: 58.9286% of the times, the closing price had moved in the direction of the gap.
Though this is an improvement from the previous cases, we must note that the data involved is low (just 112 gaps in the 8000bars of data).
I have attached the test results.
I request members to comment on this.
Obliged.